Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) Distribution Of Jobs In America

 1. Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)

The American Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) can be said to be a classification system developed as a common language for categorizing all occupations in the United States. Distribution Of Jobs In America. The basic purpose of the SOC is to provide a mechanism for referencing and collecting job-related data. This system is designed to maximize the statistical use of job-related data collected for labor force, employment, income, and various purposes.

The revised SOC in 1998 will supplement the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and provide a new classification framework for the census in the 21st century. The 1998 SOC was supervised by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and revised the 1980 SOC to reflect the rapidly changing world of work and to reflect the realistic changes in the labor market to become a practical occupational classification. In particular, the revision committee was based on the problems presented in the user survey in 1995, and based on the OES occupational classification system as a starting point for a new occupational classification framework and the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) that replaces the American Dictionary of Occupational Specifications (DOT). was done

The New SOC is a classification framework that reflects realistic changes in the labor market. It classified all major categories into 23 main groups and further subdivided them. Occupations were classified based on type. Accordingly, the US plans to use The New SOC for job-specific employment statistics surveys instead of the OES job classification used for job information classification. At the same time, O*NET, which previously used OES job classification code, was also converted to The new SOC code when Internet service started in the summer of 2000.

The 1998 SOC was classified into 820 occupations, which is more than the 1980 SOC, which classified a total of 665 occupations, or the 1997 OES, which classified 778 occupations, reflecting the changes in the world of work, including realistic changes in the labor market. In particular, in terms of job type, recently emerging fields such as computer, design, science, medical care, law, education, and art increased by 50% in this SOC, while machinery and production jobs decreased by 35%. .

 1) Classification criteria and concepts

The SOC in the United States is based on ① the type-of-work performed, ② the skill-based system, and ③ the economic-based system. Occupations were classified into skill type and skill level, which are concepts similar to the skill level and skill expertise of the standard occupational classification (ISCO).

The function type refers to the type of work performed and the characteristics of the work activity. Skill level refers to the scope and complexity of the jobs, including the knowledge and experience, often defined by the education, qualifications, or experience considered essential for entry into a profession.

SOC of the United States gave priority to skill type rather than skill level in developing occupational classification. The reason is that skill type can be measured better than skill level.

The 1995 Revision Committee heavily referenced the OES Occupational Classification System and the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), which replaced the American Dictionary of Occupational Specifications (DOT), as a starting point for a new occupational classification framework.

 

 2) Classification principle

The SOC of the United States classified all occupations performed for a wage or profit, as well as domestic work without direct remuneration. The detailed classification principle is as follows.

- Classifications should reflect the current job structure in the United States and should have sufficient flexibility to incorporate new jobs into the structure as new jobs emerge.

- Efforts should be made to reflect the current job structure, while maintaining links with the past system.

- Occupations should be classified based on the work performed, skills, education, training and qualifications.

- Occupations should be classified within homogeneous groups in which the content of each group is clearly defined.

- Each occupation must consist of only one group at the lowest level of the classification.

- Refer to the employment size of the occupational group.

- The work supervisor is defined separately from the workers.

- Comparability with the International Classification of Standards (ISCO) should be considered, but should not be a priority.

 3) Classification structure

* major group: 23 groups

11 Management Occupations

13 Business and Financial Operations Occupations

15 Computer and Mathmatical Occupations

17 Architecture and Engineering Occupations

21 Life, Physical and Social Science Occupations

23 Legal Occupations

25 Education, Training and Library Occupations

27 Arts, Design, Entertainmet, Sports, and Media Occupations

29 Healthcare Practitioner and Technical Occupations

31 Healthcare Support Occupations

33 Protective Service Occupations

35 Food Preparation and Serving related Occupations

37 Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations

39 Personal Care and Service Occupations

41 Sales and Related Occupations

43 Office and Administrative Support Occupations

45 Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations

47 Construction and Extraction Occupations

49 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations

51 Production Occupations

53 Transportation and Material Moving Occupations

55 Military Special Occupations

 minor group: 98 groups

 broad occupations: 452 groups

 detailed occupations: 820 cohorts

  pdf 1998 Full text of SOC classification (Original text)

 

 The New SOC consists of a 6-digit classification system, the first and second are major group, the third is minor group, the fourth and fifth are broad occupations, The 6th indicates detailed occupations. The major category ends with 0000 (eg 33-0000, Protective Service Occupations) with two-digit numbers, the middle category ends with 000 (33-2000, Fire Fighting Workers), and the minor category is 0 (33-2020, Fire Inspectors). Occupations classified as other are marked with 9. The sub-category is 9 (33-9199, Protective Service Workers, All Other), the sub-category is 90 (33-9190, Miscellaneous Protective Service Workers), and the middle category, which is the other part of the major classification, is 9000 (33). -9000, Other Protective Service Workers).

33-0000 Protective Service Occupations

   33-9000 Other Protective Service Workers

     33-9190 Miscellaneous Protective Service Workers

       33-9199 Protective Service Workers, All Other

 

 2. O*NET in the US

The Occupational Information Network (O*NET) of the United States is an occupational information classification system that replaces the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT). are provided within the occupational classification framework.

  Converted to pdf O*NET classification code SOC (Original text)

 

O*NET was created based on a systematic job analysis (Content Model) for each job, and currently provides the following information for 1,100 jobs.

1) Work Characteristics

This job information shows the characteristics of the workers in that job.

· Abilities: Abilities refer to the enduring attributes of an occupational worker that affect the performance of a job.

· Interests: Interests refer to areas of interest of occupational workers that have an effect on performance of work.

· Value: Value refers to the valuation of the occupation of the occupational worker that affects the performance of the operation.

· Work Styles: Work styles refer to the evaluation of the way work is performed. (e.g. achievement, initiative, persistence, etc.)

2) Worker Requirements

This job information shows the requirements that workers in the job must meet.

· Skills: Skills are composed of Basic Skills required to perform tasks and Cross-Functional Skills that require more complex skills.

· Knowledge: Knowledge refers to the general knowledge required to perform a task.

Education: Education is the education required to perform a job.